A casino (from the Latin ca
While some casino games involve skill, the majority of them are purely chance-based, with the house always taking in more money than the players. The mathematically determined odds that determine how much the casino expects to make in each game are called the house edge. Casinos may also take a percentage of each bet, which is known as the rake. Casinos employ mathematicians and computer programmers to design systems that monitor and control the games. They use these systems to oversee and verify the accuracy of each bet made, and to detect any deviations from expected results. Casinos may also employ a team of professionals to supervise the operations and security of their gaming floors.
There are about 1,000 casinos in the United States, and many other countries have legalized some form of casino gambling. The largest concentration is in Las Vegas, followed by Atlantic City, New Jersey and Chicago. The oldest and best-known casino is the Casino de Monte-Carlo, which has been in operation since 1863. Some cities are famous for their casinos, such as the elegant spa town of Baden-Baden in Germany, which first became a playground for European royalty and aristocracy 150 years ago and is still known for its luxury casino.
Besides gaming, casinos often include other attractions such as restaurants and bars, shopping, and entertainment venues. They can be located in a number of interesting places, from exotic locations like Venice and Monaco to glamorous metropolitan centers such as Macau in East Asia. Some of these casinos are designed by world-renowned architects, such as the futuristic Morpheus Hotel in Macau by Zaha Hadid and the stunning Marina Bay Sands in Singapore.
Modern casinos are usually heavily guarded and have a specialized security department that patrols the premises and responds to calls for assistance or reports of suspicious or definite criminal activity. They also operate closed circuit television systems that are monitored by a centralized surveillance system. In addition, they employ physical security forces to patrol the premises and provide surveillance at key entry points. The combination of these efforts is considered sufficient to prevent major crime at most casinos. Smaller casinos may not have a dedicated security force but may have employees who are trained to spot potential problems. Casinos may also hire consultants who specialize in security and safety issues to provide training for their staff. They are also likely to use video surveillance equipment in their gaming areas. This is particularly important for slot machines, where players are often distracted by the lights and sounds of other games and may not always keep an eye on their chips.